Indirect Effect

Indirect Effect – EU Law Flowchart

Simplify the principle of indirect effect and state liability in EU law.
This Indirect Effect Flowchart explains how national courts in Member States must interpret domestic law consistently with EU law, even when directives lack direct effect. It also covers the Francovich principle of state liability, its extensions in Factortame, and key applications in English case law. Perfect for law students, tutors, and legal professionals, this chart transforms a complex EU law doctrine into a clear, step-by-step learning tool.

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📘 Key Topics Covered:

• Indirect Effect Principle – Von Colson and purposive interpretation of domestic law in line with EU directives.

• State Liability (Francovich Principle) – Requirements: rights conferred, identifiable content, and causal link.

• Extensions of State Liability –

  • Breach of legislative acts (Factortame, British Telecommunications)

  • Administrative acts (Hedley Lomas)

  • Judicial acts (Köbler v Austria)

• National Examples – UK courts aligning legislation with EU law (Pickstone v Freemans, Lister v Forth Dry Dock).

• Seriousness of Breach – When failure to implement or incorrect implementation justifies damages.

✅ Perfect For:

• Law students (LLB, GDL, SQE, A-levels) studying EU law and constitutional principles

• Tutors & lecturers explaining direct, indirect, and state liability doctrines

• Solicitors & paralegals working on EU and UK crossover law issues

• Anyone preparing for EU law exams or problem questions